Full-Hard (H04) C52400 Bronze
H04 C52400 bronze is C52400 bronze in the H04 (full hard) temper. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare H04 C52400 bronze to: wrought bronzes (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 16 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
14 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Rockwell B Hardness
97
Rockwell Superficial 30T Hardness
79
Shear Modulus
41 GPa 5.9 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
410 MPa 59 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
670 MPa 98 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
550 MPa 80 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
190 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
170 °C 340 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1000 °C 1830 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
840 °C 1550 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
370 J/kg-K 0.088 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
50 W/m-K 29 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
18 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
11 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
11 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
35 % relative
Density
8.8 g/cm3 550 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
58 MJ/kg 25 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
390 L/kg 46 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
88 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
1390 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
6.9 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
21 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
20 points
Thermal Diffusivity
15 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
25 points
Alloy Composition
| Cu | 87.8 to 91 | |
| Sn | 9.0 to 11 | |
| P | 0.030 to 0.35 | |
| Zn | 0 to 0.2 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.1 | |
| Pb | 0 to 0.050 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.5 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM B139: Standard Specification for Phosphor Bronze Rod, Bar, and Shapes
ASTM B103: Standard Specification for Phosphor Bronze Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar
ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015