Full-Hard (H04) C54400 Bronze
H04 C54400 bronze is C54400 bronze in the H04 (full hard) temper. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare H04 C54400 bronze to: wrought bronzes (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 16 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
13 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Rockwell B Hardness
85
Rockwell Superficial 30T Hardness
73
Shear Modulus
40 GPa 5.8 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
280 MPa 40 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
460 MPa 66 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
190 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
170 °C 340 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1000 °C 1830 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
930 °C 1700 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
370 J/kg-K 0.088 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
86 W/m-K 50 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
18 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
19 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
19 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
31 % relative
Density
8.9 g/cm3 550 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.9 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
48 MJ/kg 20 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
340 L/kg 41 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
6.8 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
14 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
15 points
Thermal Diffusivity
26 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
17 points
Alloy Composition
| Cu | 85.4 to 91.5 | |
| Sn | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| Pb | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| Zn | 1.5 to 4.5 | |
| P | 0.010 to 0.5 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.1 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.5 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM B139: Standard Specification for Phosphor Bronze Rod, Bar, and Shapes
ASTM B103: Standard Specification for Phosphor Bronze Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar
ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015