NEMA Grade X (PBM) Paper-Phenolic Laminate
NEMA grade X is a grade of NEMA laminate. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare NEMA grade X to other thermoset plastics (top) and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Compressive (Crushing) Strength
190 MPa 27 x 103 psi
Flexural Modulus
11 GPa 1.6 x 106 psi
Flexural Strength
160 MPa 23 x 103 psi
Impact Strength: Notched Izod
28 J/m 0.53 ft-lb/in
Rockwell M Hardness
110
Shear Strength
83 MPa 12 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
120 MPa 18 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
130 °C 270 °F
Thermal Expansion
20 µm/m-K
Other Material Properties
Density
1.4 g/cm3 85 lb/ft3
Dielectric Strength (Breakdown Potential)
19 kV/mm 0.75 V/mil
Water Absorption After 24 Hours
3.5 %
Common Calculations
Strength to Weight: Axial
25 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
41 points
Followup Questions
Further Reading
NEMA LI 1: Industrial Laminated Thermosetting Products
Thermosets: Structure, Properties and Applications, Qipeng Guo (editor), 2012