Quenched and Tempered (+QT) 1.7233 Steel
EN 1.7233 +QT steel is EN 1.7233 steel in the quenched and tempered condition. It has the highest strength compared to the other variants of EN 1.7233 steel. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.7233 +QT steel to: EN wrought alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
290
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
18 %
Fatigue Strength
530 MPa 77 x 103 psi
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy
56 J 41 ft-lb
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Reduction in Area
57 %
Shear Modulus
73 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
590 MPa 86 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
960 MPa 140 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
780 MPa 110 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
250 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
430 °C 810 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1460 °C 2660 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1420 °C 2590 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
39 W/m-K 22 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
13 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.4 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
8.5 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
3.0 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
21 MJ/kg 9.1 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
53 L/kg 6.3 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
3.3
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
160 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
1630 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
24 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
34 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
28 points
Thermal Diffusivity
11 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
28 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 96.2 to 97.5 | |
| Cr | 1.2 to 1.5 | |
| Mo | 0.5 to 0.7 | |
| Mn | 0.4 to 0.7 | |
| C | 0.39 to 0.45 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.4 | |
| S | 0 to 0.035 | |
| P | 0 to 0.025 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
EN 10269: Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified elevated and/or low temperature properties
Creep-Resistant Steels, Fujio Abe et al. (editors), 2008
Microstructure of Steels and Cast Irons, Madeleine Durand-Charre, 2004
Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008
Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015