Quenched and Tempered (+QT) 1.8159 Steel
EN 1.8159 +QT steel is EN 1.8159 steel in the quenched and tempered condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.8159 +QT steel to: EN wrought alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
360
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
11 %
Fatigue Strength
620 MPa 90 x 103 psi
Impact Strength: U-Notched Charpy
9.0 J 6.6 ft-lb
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy
26 J 19 ft-lb
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Reduction in Area
34 %
Shear Modulus
73 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
710 MPa 100 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
1200 MPa 170 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
1010 MPa 150 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
250 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
420 °C 790 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1460 °C 2650 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1410 °C 2580 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
46 W/m-K 27 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
13 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.3 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
8.4 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
2.3 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.9 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
26 MJ/kg 11 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
52 L/kg 6.2 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
120 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
2740 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
24 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
43 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
32 points
Thermal Diffusivity
13 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
35 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 96.4 to 97.8 | |
| Cr | 0.9 to 1.2 | |
| Mn | 0.7 to 1.1 | |
| C | 0.47 to 0.55 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.4 | |
| V | 0.1 to 0.25 | |
| P | 0 to 0.035 | |
| S | 0 to 0.035 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
EN 10250-3: Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 3: Alloy special steels
EN 10089: Hot rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs - Technical delivery conditions
Welding Metallurgy, 2nd ed., Sindo Kou, 2003
Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008
Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015