SAE-AISI 1140 (G11400) Carbon Steel
SAE-AISI 1140 steel is a resulfurized carbon steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 1140 is the designation in both the SAE and AISI systems for this material. G11400 is the UNS number.
The properties of SAE-AISI 1140 steel include two common variations. This page shows summary ranges across both of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare SAE-AISI 1140 steel to: wrought resulfurized carbon steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
170 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
14 to 18 %
Fatigue Strength
230 to 370 MPa 33 to 53 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Reduction in Area
39 to 46 %
Shear Modulus
72 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
370 to 420 MPa 54 to 61 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
600 to 700 MPa 88 to 100 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
340 to 570 MPa 50 to 83 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
250 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
400 °C 750 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1460 °C 2660 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1420 °C 2590 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
51 W/m-K 29 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
13 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.0 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
8.1 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
1.8 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.4 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
18 MJ/kg 7.9 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
46 L/kg 5.5 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
89 to 93 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
310 to 870 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
24 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
21 to 25 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
20 to 22 points
Thermal Diffusivity
14 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
18 to 21 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 98.4 to 98.9 | |
| Mn | 0.7 to 1.0 | |
| C | 0.37 to 0.44 | |
| S | 0.080 to 0.13 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
Cold-Formed Steel Structures to the AISI Specification, Gregory J. Hancock et al., 2001
ASTM A29: Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for
Microstructure of Steels and Cast Irons, Madeleine Durand-Charre, 2004
Carbon Steel Handbook, D. Gandy, 2007
ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1996
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008
Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015