Soft Annealed (O60) C54400 Bronze
O60 C54400 bronze is C54400 bronze in the O60 (soft annealed) temper. It has the lowest strength compared to the other variants of C54400 bronze. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare O60 C54400 bronze to: wrought bronzes (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 16 x 106 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Rockwell Superficial 30T Hardness
33
Shear Modulus
40 GPa 5.8 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
330 MPa 47 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
190 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
170 °C 340 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1000 °C 1830 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
930 °C 1700 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
370 J/kg-K 0.088 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
86 W/m-K 50 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
18 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
19 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
19 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
31 % relative
Density
8.9 g/cm3 550 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.9 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
48 MJ/kg 20 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
340 L/kg 41 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
6.8 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
10 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
12 points
Thermal Diffusivity
26 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
12 points
Alloy Composition
| Cu | 85.4 to 91.5 | |
| Sn | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| Pb | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| Zn | 1.5 to 4.5 | |
| P | 0.010 to 0.5 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.1 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.5 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
ASTM B103: Standard Specification for Phosphor Bronze Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Rolled Bar
ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015