Solution Annealed (+AT) 1.4378 Stainless Steel
EN 1.4378 +AT steel is EN 1.4378 stainless steel in the solution annealed (AT) condition. It has the lowest strength and highest ductility compared to the other variants of EN 1.4378 stainless steel.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4378 +AT steel to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
34 %
Fatigue Strength
340 MPa 50 x 103 psi
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy
91 J 67 ft-lb
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
77 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
510 MPa 73 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
760 MPa 110 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
430 MPa 63 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
290 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
410 °C 780 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
910 °C 1660 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1390 °C 2530 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1350 °C 2450 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
12 % relative
Density
7.6 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.7 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
39 MJ/kg 17 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
150 L/kg 18 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
23
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
220 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
470 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
28 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
24 points
Thermal Shock Resistance
16 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 61.2 to 69 | |
| Cr | 17 to 19 | |
| Mn | 11.5 to 14.5 | |
| Ni | 2.3 to 3.7 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.0 | |
| N | 0.2 to 0.4 | |
| C | 0 to 0.080 | |
| P | 0 to 0.060 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
Welding Metallurgy, 2nd ed., Sindo Kou, 2003
EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002
Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984
Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010