TM04 Mill Hardened C18600 Copper
TM04 C18600 copper is C18600 copper in the TM04 (mill hardened to full-hard) temper. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare TM04 C18600 copper to: wrought coppers (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
120 GPa 17 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
8.0 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Shear Modulus
44 GPa 6.3 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
340 MPa 49 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
580 MPa 84 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
500 MPa 72 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
210 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
200 °C 390 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1090 °C 2000 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1070 °C 1960 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
390 J/kg-K 0.092 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
280 W/m-K 160 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
70 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
71 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
31 % relative
Density
8.9 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.9 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
46 MJ/kg 20 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
310 L/kg 37 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
44 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
1060 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.3 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
18 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
17 points
Thermal Diffusivity
81 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
20 points
Alloy Composition
| Cu | 96.5 to 99.55 | |
| Cr | 0.1 to 1.0 | |
| Fe | 0.25 to 0.8 | |
| Ti | 0.050 to 0.5 | |
| Zr | 0.050 to 0.4 | |
| Ni | 0 to 0.25 | |
| Co | 0 to 0.1 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.5 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM Handbook vol. 2, ASM International, 1993