UNS C12600 Fire-Refined Tough Pitch Copper
C12600 copper is a lightly alloyed grade of copper, formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the O61 (annealed) temper.
It has a fairly high ductility among wrought coppers. In addition, it has a moderately low thermal conductivity and a moderately low electrical conductivity.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare C12600 copper to: wrought coppers (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
120 GPa 17 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
56 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Shear Modulus
56 GPa 8.1 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
190 MPa 28 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
270 MPa 39 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
69 MPa 10 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
210 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
200 °C 390 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1080 °C 1980 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1030 °C 1880 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
390 J/kg-K 0.092 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
130 W/m-K 77 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
29 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
29 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
30 % relative
Density
8.9 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
41 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
310 L/kg 37 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
110 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
21 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.2 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
8.2 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
10 points
Thermal Diffusivity
39 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
9.5 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought copper alloys, the composition of C12600 copper is notable for including phosphorus (P). Phosphorus is used as an alloy deoxidizer, and to reduce vulnerability to dezincification.
| Cu | 99.5 to 99.8 | |
| P | 0.2 to 0.4 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.