UNS C22000 (CW501L) Commercial Bronze
C22000 bronze is a bronze formulated for primary forming into wrought products. CW501L is the EN numeric designation for this material. C22000 is the UNS number. Additionally, the EN chemical designation is CuZn10. The British Standard (BS) designation is CZ101. And the common industry name is 90-10 Commercial Bronze. Older literature may refer to this material as ASTM Bronze Type 7, but this is now discouraged.
It can have the lowest tensile strength among wrought bronzes. In addition, it has a moderately low embodied energy and a moderately high electrical conductivity.
The properties of C22000 bronze include nine common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare C22000 bronze to: wrought bronzes (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 16 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
1.9 to 45 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.33
Rockwell B Hardness
42 to 81
Rockwell Superficial 30T Hardness
47 to 73
Shear Modulus
42 GPa 6.2 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
200 to 300 MPa 28 to 43 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
260 to 520 MPa 37 to 76 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
69 to 500 MPa 10 to 73 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
200 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
180 °C 360 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1040 °C 1910 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1020 °C 1870 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
390 J/kg-K 0.092 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
190 W/m-K 110 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
18 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
44 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
45 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
29 % relative
Density
8.7 g/cm3 540 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
42 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
310 L/kg 37 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
3.7 to 230 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
21 to 1110 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.2 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
8.1 to 17 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
10 to 17 points
Thermal Diffusivity
56 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
8.8 to 18 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought copper alloys, the composition of C22000 bronze is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of iron (Fe) and lead (Pb). Iron is used to increase strength inexpensively. Lead is used to improve machinability and bearing properties, at the cost of toxicity.
| Cu | 89 to 91 | |
| Zn | 8.7 to 11 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.050 | |
| Pb | 0 to 0.050 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.2 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM B134: Standard Specification for Brass Wire
ASTM B36: Standard Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, And Rolled Bar
Copper: Its Trade, Manufacture, Use, and Environmental Status, Gunter Joseph, 2001
Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM Handbook vol. 2, ASM International, 1993