UNS C99400 Brass
C99400 brass is a brass formulated for casting. It has a fairly high base cost among cast brasses. In addition, it has a very high melting temperature and can have a moderately high tensile strength.
The properties of C99400 brass include two common variations. This page shows summary ranges across both of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare C99400 brass to: cast brasses (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
120 GPa 17 x 106 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Shear Modulus
44 GPa 6.4 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
460 to 550 MPa 66 to 79 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
230 to 370 MPa 34 to 54 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
230 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
200 °C 400 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1070 °C 1960 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1020 °C 1860 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
400 J/kg-K 0.1 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
17 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
17 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
30 % relative
Density
8.7 g/cm3 540 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.8 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
45 MJ/kg 19 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
310 L/kg 37 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
230 to 590 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.5 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
19 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
15 to 17 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
15 to 17 points
Thermal Shock Resistance
16 to 19 points
Alloy Composition
Among cast copper alloys, the composition of C99400 brass is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of iron (Fe) and silicon (Si). Iron is used to increase strength inexpensively. Silicon is used to improve casting fluidity and lower melting temperature. It also raises strength at the expense of ductility.
| Cu | 83.5 to 96.5 | |
| Zn | 0.5 to 5.0 | |
| Ni | 1.0 to 3.5 | |
| Fe | 1.0 to 3.0 | |
| Si | 0.5 to 2.0 | |
| Al | 0.5 to 2.0 | |
| Mn | 0 to 0.5 | |
| Pb | 0 to 0.25 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.3 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM Handbook vol. 2, ASM International, 1993