UNS S21600 (XM-17) Stainless Steel
S21600 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. XM-17 is the ASTM designation for this material. S21600 is the UNS number.
It has a moderately high ductility and a moderately high tensile strength among wrought austenitic stainless steels.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare S21600 stainless steel to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
46 %
Fatigue Strength
360 MPa 52 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Reduction in Area
56 %
Rockwell B Hardness
86
Shear Modulus
79 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
500 MPa 72 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
710 MPa 100 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
390 MPa 56 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
290 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
420 °C 790 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
990 °C 1820 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1420 °C 2590 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1380 °C 2510 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
17 % relative
Density
7.7 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
50 MJ/kg 21 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
160 L/kg 20 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
34
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
270 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
370 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
25 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
23 points
Thermal Shock Resistance
15 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of S21600 stainless steel is notable for containing a comparatively high amount of manganese (Mn). Manganese is used to improve ductility at elevated temperatures. It also permits a higher nitrogen content than would otherwise be possible.
| Fe | 57.6 to 67.8 | |
| Cr | 17.5 to 22 | |
| Mn | 7.5 to 9.0 | |
| Ni | 5.0 to 7.0 | |
| Mo | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.75 | |
| N | 0.25 to 0.5 | |
| C | 0 to 0.080 | |
| P | 0 to 0.045 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM A479: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
ASTM A240: Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
ASTM A959: Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels
Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002
Pressure Vessels: External Pressure Technology, 2nd ed., Carl T. F. Ross, 2011
Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984
ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1994
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010