UNS S44401 Stainless Steel
S44401 stainless steel is a ferritic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. It has a moderately low electrical conductivity among the wrought ferritic stainless steels in the database.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare S44401 stainless steel to: wrought ferritic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
21 %
Fatigue Strength
200 MPa 29 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
78 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
300 MPa 44 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
480 MPa 70 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
300 MPa 44 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
280 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
510 °C 940 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
930 °C 1710 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1460 °C 2660 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1420 °C 2580 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
22 W/m-K 13 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
10 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.2 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.6 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
12 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.9 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
40 MJ/kg 17 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
130 L/kg 16 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
26
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
90 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
230 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
17 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
18 points
Thermal Diffusivity
5.9 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
17 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of S44401 stainless steel is notable for including titanium (Ti). Titanium is used to broadly improve mechanical properties.
| Fe | 75.1 to 80.6 | |
| Cr | 17.5 to 19.5 | |
| Mo | 1.8 to 2.5 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Ni | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Ti | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 | |
| N | 0 to 0.035 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 | |
| C | 0 to 0.025 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM A493: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and Cold Forging
ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1994
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010