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201.0 Aluminum vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

201.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 201.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 95 to 140
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.4 to 20
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 120 to 150
1000
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 290
1080
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 370 to 470
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 400
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 570
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 120
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 19
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 30 to 33
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 87 to 97
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 38
2.3
Density, g/cm3 3.1
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.7
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
28

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 19 to 63
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 33 to 42
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37 to 44
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 45
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 25
53

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 92.1 to 95.1
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.15
96.7 to 97.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.15 to 0.55
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.5
0.7 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.1
0.15 to 0.35
Silver (Ag), % 0.4 to 1.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3
Residuals, % 0 to 0.1
0