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2025 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 9310 Steel

2025 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 9310 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2025 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 9310 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110
540 to 610
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 15
17 to 19
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130
300 to 390
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 240
510 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 400
820 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260
450 to 570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
7.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
4.4
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
57

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 55
120 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 450
540 to 860
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 37
29 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
25 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
24 to 27

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.9 to 95.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.080 to 0.13
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
1.0 to 1.4
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
93.8 to 95.2
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0.45 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.080 to 0.15
Nickel (Ni), % 0
3.0 to 3.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 1.2
0.2 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.012
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0