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238.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI M10 Steel

238.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI M10 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 238.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M10 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 76
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 210
740 to 2170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 430
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1520
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 840
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 100
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
14
Density, g/cm3 3.4
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.4
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
100

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 12
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 42
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
26 to 76
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
23 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 37
8.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.1
23 to 68

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 81.9 to 84.9
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.84 to 1.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
3.8 to 4.5
Copper (Cu), % 9.5 to 10.5
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 1.0 to 1.5
82.3 to 85.6
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.25
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.1 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
7.8 to 8.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 3.6 to 4.4
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
1.8 to 2.2
Zinc (Zn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0