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295.0 Aluminum vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

295.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 295.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 60 to 93
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.0 to 7.2
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 44 to 55
1000
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 180 to 230
1080
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 230 to 280
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 100 to 220
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 530
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 35
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 100
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.3
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 1140
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 5.2 to 13
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 26
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 32
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 54
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.8 to 12
53

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 91.4 to 95.3
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
96.7 to 97.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.030
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.35
0.7 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.7 to 1.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.25
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.35
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0