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3004 Aluminum vs. AISI 409 Stainless Steel

3004 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AISI 409 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3004 aluminum and the bottom bar is AISI 409 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 19
24
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55 to 120
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
75
Shear Strength, MPa 100 to 180
270
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68 to 270
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
710
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 630
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 42
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
6.5
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
94

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 3.2 to 27
83
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 33 to 540
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 31
15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 65
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.6 to 98.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
10.5 to 11.7
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
84.9 to 89.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.75
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0