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3004 Aluminum vs. ASTM Grade HP Steel

3004 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM grade HP steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3004 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HP steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 45 to 83
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 19
5.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55 to 120
130
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68 to 270
260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 630
1330
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
34
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
5.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
82
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
220

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 3.2 to 27
21
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 33 to 540
170
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 31
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 65
3.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.6 to 98.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.35 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 0
24 to 28
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
29.2 to 42.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
33 to 37
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 2.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0