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3004 Aluminum vs. EN 1.4378 Stainless Steel

3004 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.4378 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3004 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.4378 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 45 to 83
190 to 340
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 19
14 to 34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55 to 120
340 to 550
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
77
Shear Strength, MPa 100 to 180
510 to 680
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
760 to 1130
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68 to 270
430 to 970

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
910
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 630
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
12
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
2.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
39
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 3.2 to 27
150 to 220
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 33 to 540
470 to 2370
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 31
28 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
24 to 31
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
16 to 23

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.6 to 98.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17 to 19
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
61.2 to 69
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 1.5
11.5 to 14.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
2.3 to 3.7
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.2 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0