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3004 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI D5 Steel

3004 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI D5 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3004 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D5 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 19
5.4 to 14
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
75
Shear Strength, MPa 100 to 180
470 to 1180
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
770 to 2030

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 630
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 42
4.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
4.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
13
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
51
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
120

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 31
28 to 73
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
24 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 65
7.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
26 to 67

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.6 to 98.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
1.4 to 1.6
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 13
Cobalt (Co), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
77.9 to 84.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 1.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants