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3004 Aluminum vs. S31727 Stainless Steel

3004 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S31727 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3004 aluminum and the bottom bar is S31727 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 45 to 83
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 19
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55 to 120
240
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
78
Shear Strength, MPa 100 to 180
430
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
630
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68 to 270
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 630
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
24
Density, g/cm3 2.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
4.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
64
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 3.2 to 27
200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 33 to 540
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 31
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
20
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.6 to 98.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17.5 to 19
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
2.8 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
53.7 to 61.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.8 to 4.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
14.5 to 16.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.21
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0