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3105 Aluminum vs. AISI 304 Stainless Steel

3105 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AISI 304 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3105 aluminum and the bottom bar is AISI 304 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 29 to 67
170 to 360
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 20
8.0 to 43
Fatigue Strength, MPa 39 to 95
210 to 440
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
77
Shear Strength, MPa 77 to 140
400 to 690
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120 to 240
580 to 1180
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 46 to 220
230 to 860

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
710
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 170
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 44
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
15
Calomel Potential, mV -750
-80
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.6 to 19
86 to 250
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 15 to 340
140 to 1870
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 24
21 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 31
20 to 32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 68
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.2 to 11
12 to 25

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96 to 99.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.2
18 to 20
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
66.5 to 74
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.8
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 10.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.4
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants