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3105 Aluminum vs. ASTM Grade HI Steel

3105 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM grade HI steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3105 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HI steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 29 to 67
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 20
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 39 to 95
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120 to 240
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 46 to 220
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 170
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 44
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
23
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
4.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
59
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.6 to 19
52
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 15 to 340
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 24
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 31
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 68
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.2 to 11
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96 to 99.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.2
26 to 30
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
46.9 to 59.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.8
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
14 to 18
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.4
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0