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3105 Aluminum vs. EN 1.4578 Stainless Steel

3105 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.4578 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3105 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.4578 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 29 to 67
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 20
51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 39 to 95
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
77
Shear Strength, MPa 77 to 140
400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120 to 240
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 46 to 220
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 170
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 44
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
19
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
51
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.6 to 19
220
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 15 to 340
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 24
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 31
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 68
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.2 to 11
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96 to 99.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.2
16.5 to 17.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
3.0 to 3.5
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
62.3 to 68.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.8
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
10 to 11
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.4
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0