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3105 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI H14 Steel

3105 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI H14 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3105 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H14 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
75
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120 to 240
710 to 2030

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1490
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 170
35
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 44
9.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
10

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
15
Density, g/cm3 2.8
8.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
2.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
39
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
73

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 24
24 to 69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 31
22 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 68
9.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.2 to 11
24 to 68

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96 to 99.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.2
4.8 to 5.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
86.5 to 89.9
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.8
0.2 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.8 to 1.2
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
4.0 to 5.3
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.4
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants