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3105 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI M3 Class 1 Steel

3105 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI M3 class 1 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3105 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M3 class 1 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120 to 240
770 to 2150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 170
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
25
Density, g/cm3 2.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
100

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 24
26 to 72
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 31
22 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 68
7.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.2 to 11
24 to 67

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96 to 99.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
1.0 to 1.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.2
3.8 to 4.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
76.9 to 82.9
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.8
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
4.8 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
5.0 to 6.8
Vanadium (V), % 0
2.3 to 2.8
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.4
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants