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3105 Aluminum vs. S45503 Stainless Steel

3105 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S45503 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3105 aluminum and the bottom bar is S45503 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 29 to 67
410 to 500
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 20
4.6 to 6.8
Fatigue Strength, MPa 39 to 95
710 to 800
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
75
Shear Strength, MPa 77 to 140
940 to 1070
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120 to 240
1610 to 1850
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 46 to 220
1430 to 1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
760
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
15
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.6 to 19
82 to 110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 24
57 to 65
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 31
39 to 43
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.2 to 11
56 to 64

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96 to 99.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.010
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.2
11 to 12.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
1.5 to 2.5
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
72.4 to 78.9
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.8
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
7.5 to 9.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.1 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
1.0 to 1.4
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.4
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0