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319.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1042 Steel

319.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1042 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 319.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1042 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 78 to 84
180 to 200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.8 to 2.0
14 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 76 to 80
230 to 370
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 170 to 210
380 to 420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 240
620 to 700
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 110 to 180
340 to 580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 480
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 540
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 110
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 27
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 84
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.7
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1080
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 3.3 to 3.9
87 to 94
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 88 to 220
320 to 900
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 48
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 24
22 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 30
21 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 44
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 8.6 to 11
20 to 22

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 85.8 to 91.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.4 to 0.47
Copper (Cu), % 3.0 to 4.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
98.5 to 99
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0.6 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.35
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 5.5 to 6.5
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 1.0
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0