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354.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 5160 Steel

354.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 5160 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 354.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 5160 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.4 to 3.0
12 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 92 to 120
180 to 650
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 360 to 380
660 to 1150
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280 to 310
280 to 1010

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 530
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
43
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 32
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.1
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1070
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 8.6 to 9.8
73 to 160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 540 to 670
200 to 2700
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 37 to 39
23 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42 to 44
22 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 52
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
19 to 34

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 87.3 to 89.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.56 to 0.61
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 1.6 to 2.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.2
97.1 to 97.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.75 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 8.6 to 9.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0