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355.0 Aluminum vs. S31254 Stainless Steel

355.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S31254 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 355.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is S31254 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 72 to 83
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.5 to 2.6
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55 to 70
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
80
Shear Strength, MPa 150 to 240
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 200 to 260
720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 150 to 190
330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 470
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
1090
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 620
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 890
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150 to 170
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 38 to 43
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120 to 140
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
28
Density, g/cm3 2.7
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
5.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 1120
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.7 to 5.9
240
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150 to 250
270
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 27
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 28 to 33
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 60 to 69
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.1 to 12
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.3 to 94.1
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.25
19.5 to 20.5
Copper (Cu), % 1.0 to 1.5
0.5 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.6
51.4 to 56.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
6.0 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
17.5 to 18.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.18 to 0.22
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 4.5 to 5.5
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.35
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0