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380.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

380.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4340M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 380.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 80
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 74
190
Elongation at Break, % 3.0
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
72
Shear Strength, MPa 190
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 320
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 160
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 510
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 590
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 540
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 100
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 27
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 83
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
3.9
Density, g/cm3 2.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.5
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
55

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 8.0
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 48
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 31
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 40
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
70

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 79.6 to 89.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Copper (Cu), % 3.0 to 4.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 2.0
93.3 to 94.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 7.5 to 9.5
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.012
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.35
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 3.0
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0