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384.0 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade F Steel

384.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade F steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 384.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade F steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 85
200 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 74
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.5
20 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
310 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Shear Strength, MPa 200
410 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 330
650 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 170
430 to 550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 550
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 580
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 530
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 96
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 22
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 69
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
2.4
Density, g/cm3 2.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.4
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1010
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.9
130 to 160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
500 to 810
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 49
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
23 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37
21 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 39
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 77.3 to 86.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.3 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.2
Copper (Cu), % 3.0 to 4.5
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.3
96.8 to 97.9
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0.7 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 10.5 to 12
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.35
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 3.0
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0