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390.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 5160 Steel

390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 5160 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 390.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 5160 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
200 to 340
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 75
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.0
12 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 76 to 110
180 to 650
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 280 to 300
660 to 1150
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 240 to 270
280 to 1010

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 640
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
43
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 18
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 24 to 25
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 79 to 83
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
2.1
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.3
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 130
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 950
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.7 to 2.9
73 to 160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 470
200 to 2700
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 30
23 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 35 to 36
22 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
19 to 34

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 74.5 to 79.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.56 to 0.61
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.3
97.1 to 97.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.75 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 16 to 18
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0