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390.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 8640 Steel

390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 8640 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 390.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 8640 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 75
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.0
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 76 to 110
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 280 to 300
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 240 to 270
380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 640
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 18
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 24 to 25
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 79 to 83
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
2.6
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.3
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 130
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 950
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.7 to 2.9
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 470
380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 30
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 35 to 36
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 74.5 to 79.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.3
96.6 to 97.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.4 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 16 to 18
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0