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4004 Aluminum vs. EN 1.6781 Steel

4004 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.6781 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4004 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.6781 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.4
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 42
450
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 110
830
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 60
680

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
450
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 910
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 33
7.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
5.0
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
25
Embodied Water, L/kg 1070
60

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.3
130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 25
1220
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 54
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.1
24

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 86 to 90
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.15 to 0.19
Chromium (Cr), % 0
1.3 to 1.8
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
92.6 to 94.6
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.0 to 2.0
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.55 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0
3.0 to 3.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 9.0 to 10.5
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.015
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0