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4007 Aluminum vs. ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel

4007 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4007 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 32 to 44
150 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 5.1 to 23
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 46 to 88
160 to 250
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
74
Shear Strength, MPa 80 to 90
310 to 370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 130 to 160
500 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 50 to 120
230 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
480
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 590
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 890
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 170
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 42
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
4.1
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 1160
62

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 7.4 to 23
84 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 18 to 110
140 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 49
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 15
18 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
18 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 67
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.5 to 6.7
14 to 17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 94.1 to 97.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0.050 to 0.25
2.8 to 3.3
Cobalt (Co), % 0 to 0.050
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 0.4 to 1.0
94.4 to 96
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.2
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.8 to 1.5
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0.15 to 0.7
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 1.0 to 1.7
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.025
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants