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4032 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CG12 Steel

4032 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CG12 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4032 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CG12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.7
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 110
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 390
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 570
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
1040
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 570
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 530
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 19
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 34
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
18
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 1030
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 25
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 700
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 53
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 41
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 45
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 59
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 81.1 to 87.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
20 to 23
Copper (Cu), % 0.5 to 1.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
60.3 to 70
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0.5 to 1.3
10 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 11 to 13.5
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0