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4032 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 52100 Steel

4032 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 52100 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4032 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 52100 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
180 to 210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.7
10 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 110
250 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
72
Shear Strength, MPa 260
370 to 420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 390
590 to 2010
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320
360 to 560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 570
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 570
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 530
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
47
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 19
12 to 13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 34
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.4
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1030
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 25
54 to 310
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 700
350 to 840
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 53
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 41
21 to 72
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 45
20 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 59
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
19 to 61

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 81.1 to 87.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.93 to 1.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
1.4 to 1.6
Copper (Cu), % 0.5 to 1.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
96.5 to 97.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.25 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0.5 to 1.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 11 to 13.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.015
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0