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4032 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 8645 Steel

4032 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 8645 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4032 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 8645 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
180 to 200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.7
12 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 110
280 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Shear Strength, MPa 260
380 to 400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 390
600 to 670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320
390 to 560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 570
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 570
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 530
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 19
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 34
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.6
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1030
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 25
77 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 700
420 to 840
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 53
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 41
21 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 45
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 59
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
18 to 20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 81.1 to 87.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.43 to 0.48
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0.4 to 0.6
Copper (Cu), % 0.5 to 1.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
96.5 to 97.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 0.5 to 1.3
0.4 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 11 to 13.5
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0