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4032 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 9254 Steel

4032 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 9254 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4032 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 9254 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 120
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.7
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 110
280
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
72
Shear Strength, MPa 260
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 390
660
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320
410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 570
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 570
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 530
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 19
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 34
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.2
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1030
49

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 25
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 700
450
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 53
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 41
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 45
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 59
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 81.1 to 87.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.51 to 0.59
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0.6 to 0.8
Copper (Cu), % 0.5 to 1.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
96.1 to 97.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.6 to 0.8
Nickel (Ni), % 0.5 to 1.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 11 to 13.5
1.2 to 1.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0