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4045 Aluminum vs. AWS E309H

4045 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AWS E309H belongs to the iron alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4045 aluminum and the bottom bar is AWS E309H.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.3
34
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 580
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 170
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 45
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 160
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
20
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
52
Embodied Water, L/kg 1070
180

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 54
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 74
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.7
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 87.4 to 91
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.040 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
22 to 25
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
55.8 to 65.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.050
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 0
12 to 14
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 9.0 to 11
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0