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4047 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel

4047 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4047 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 3.4
8.4 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 45
310 to 920
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
74
Shear Strength, MPa 69
460 to 1210
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120
760 to 2060
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 64
470 to 1540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 570
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 580
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 580
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 33
4.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
5.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
8.0
Density, g/cm3 2.5
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.7
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 1050
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 3.5
100 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 16
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 55
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13
27 to 75
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
24 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 59
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.6
23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 85.3 to 89
0
Carbon (C), % 0
2.1 to 2.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 13
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
80.6 to 86.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 11 to 13
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 1.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0