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4104 Aluminum vs. AISI 309HCb Stainless Steel

4104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AISI 309HCb stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4104 aluminum and the bottom bar is AISI 309HCb stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.4
46
Fatigue Strength, MPa 42
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
78
Shear Strength, MPa 63
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 110
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 60
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
1090
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 33
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
23
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
4.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
59
Embodied Water, L/kg 1080
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.3
210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 25
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 54
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.1
13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 85.8 to 90
0
Bismuth (Bi), % 0.020 to 0.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.040 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0
22 to 24
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
56 to 66
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.0 to 2.0
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
12 to 16
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 1.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 9.0 to 10.5
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0