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4104 Aluminum vs. EN 1.0491 Steel

4104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.0491 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4104 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.0491 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.4
26
Fatigue Strength, MPa 42
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 63
280
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 110
440
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 60
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
47
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 33
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.4
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 1080
49

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.3
99
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 25
200
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 54
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.1
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 85.8 to 90
0 to 0.015
Bismuth (Bi), % 0.020 to 0.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.18
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.35
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
96.1 to 99.55
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.0 to 2.0
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.45 to 1.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.13
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.35
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.060
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.017
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 9.0 to 10.5
0 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.025
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.060
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.070
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0