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4104 Aluminum vs. S42030 Stainless Steel

4104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S42030 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4104 aluminum and the bottom bar is S42030 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.4
16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 42
250
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
76
Shear Strength, MPa 63
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 110
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 60
410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
780
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
28
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 33
2.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
3.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
10
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.0
2.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
34
Embodied Water, L/kg 1080
110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.3
92
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 25
440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 54
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
7.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.1
24

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 85.8 to 90
0
Bismuth (Bi), % 0.020 to 0.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.3
Chromium (Cr), % 0
12 to 14
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
2.0 to 3.0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
77.6 to 85
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.0 to 2.0
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.0 to 3.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 9.0 to 10.5
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0