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413.0 Aluminum vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel

413.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 413.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 80
240 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.5
18 to 21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130
450 to 520
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Shear Strength, MPa 170
510 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 270
810 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 140
660 to 770

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 570
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
450
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 590
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 580
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 20
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 35
8.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
5.0
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.6
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
61

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 5.7
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
1140 to 1580
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 16
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 53
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29
29 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 59
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13
24 to 27

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 82.2 to 89
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 0
1.5 to 2.0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 1.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 2.0
92.5 to 95.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.35
0.2 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
2.8 to 3.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 11 to 13
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.15
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.080
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.25
0