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413.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 8645 Steel

413.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 8645 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 413.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 8645 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 80
180 to 200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.5
12 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130
280 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Shear Strength, MPa 170
380 to 400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 270
600 to 670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 140
390 to 560

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 570
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 590
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 580
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 20
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 35
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.6
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.6
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 5.7
77 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
420 to 840
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 16
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 53
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29
21 to 24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 36
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 59
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13
18 to 20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 82.2 to 89
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.43 to 0.48
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 1.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 2.0
96.5 to 97.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.1
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.35
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0.4 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 11 to 13
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.25
0