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4145 Aluminum vs. EN 1.8503 Steel

4145 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.8503 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4145 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.8503 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.2
16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 48
600
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Shear Strength, MPa 69
610
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120
1000
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68
910

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 590
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 100
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 26
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 84
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
3.3
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.6
2.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
33
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
57

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.3
150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 31
2200
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
35
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
28
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 42
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.5
29

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 83 to 87.4
0 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0
0.16 to 0.24
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.15
1.2 to 1.5
Copper (Cu), % 3.3 to 4.7
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
95.8 to 97.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.15
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.15
0.4 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.65 to 0.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 9.3 to 10.7
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.035
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.25 to 0.35
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0